When it comes to climate change, individual actions are often overemphasized. We’re told to recycle more, bike to work, or swap out lightbulbs, as if these efforts alone can reverse the trajectory of a warming planet. While these actions reflect good intentions, they are no match for the scale of change required. The hard truth is that individuals cannot solve climate change—only institutions can.

The vast majority of global carbon emissions stem from industrial practices, energy production, and unsustainable agriculture. In fact, just 100 companies are responsible for over 70% of global emissions. Meanwhile, governments control the policy levers that shape energy systems, regulate industries, and incentivize innovation. Without comprehensive government mandates and corporate accountability, the efforts of even the most eco-conscious citizens will barely dent the problem.

Recycling, for example, has been touted as a critical solution, but its actual impact pales in comparison to systemic waste management reforms or a global shift toward circular economies. Similarly, encouraging individuals to consume less plastic ignores the root issue: corporations continuing to flood markets with non-biodegradable materials.

What we need is sweeping institutional change. Governments must implement policies like carbon pricing, renewable energy mandates, and strict emissions regulations. Corporations must be held accountable for their environmental impact through transparent reporting and mandatory compliance with green standards.

Individual action matters—it raises awareness and signals public demand for change. But let’s not lose sight of where the real power lies: in the hands of institutions. Without their leadership, no amount of personal sacrifice will suffice. It’s time to shift the blame—and the responsibility—toward those with the power to act on a global scale.